How can I transition height: 0; to height: auto; using CSS?

Question

I am trying to make a <ul> slide down using CSS transitions.

The <ul> starts off at height: 0;. On hover, the height is set to height:auto;. However, this is causing it to simply appear, not transition,

If I do it from height: 40px; to height: auto;, then it will slide up to height: 0;, and then suddenly jump to the correct height.

How else could I do this without using JavaScript?

#child0 {
  height: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  background-color: #dedede;
  -moz-transition: height 1s ease;
  -webkit-transition: height 1s ease;
  -o-transition: height 1s ease;
  transition: height 1s ease;
}
#parent0:hover #child0 {
  height: auto;
}
#child40 {
  height: 40px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background-color: #dedede;
  -moz-transition: height 1s ease;
  -webkit-transition: height 1s ease;
  -o-transition: height 1s ease;
  transition: height 1s ease;
}
#parent40:hover #child40 {
  height: auto;
}
h1 {
  font-weight: bold;
}

The only difference between the two snippets of CSS is one has height: 0, the other height: 40.
<hr>
<div id="parent0">
  <h1>Hover me (height: 0)</h1>
  <div id="child0">Some content
    <br>Some content
    <br>Some content
    <br>Some content
    <br>Some content
    <br>Some content
    <br>
  </div>
</div>
<hr>
<div id="parent40">
  <h1>Hover me (height: 40)</h1>
  <div id="child40">Some content
    <br>Some content
    <br>Some content
    <br>Some content
    <br>Some content
    <br>Some content
    <br>
  </div>
</div>

Answer 1

Use max-height in the transition and not height. And set a value on max-height to something bigger than your box will ever get.

See JSFiddle demo provided by Chris Jordan in another answer here.

#menu #list {
    max-height: 0;
    transition: max-height 0.15s ease-out;
    overflow: hidden;
    background: #d5d5d5;
}

#menu:hover #list {
    max-height: 500px;
    transition: max-height 0.25s ease-in;
}

<div id="menu">
    <a>hover me</a>
    <ul id="list">
        <!-- Create a bunch, or not a bunch, of li's to see the timing. -->
        <li>item</li>
        <li>item</li>
        <li>item</li>
        <li>item</li>
        <li>item</li>
    </ul>
</div>