c# - What really happens in a try { return x; } finally { x = null; } statement?

Question

I saw this tip in another question and was wondering if someone could explain to me how on earth this works?

try { return x; } finally { x = null; }

I mean, does the finally clause really execute after the return statement? How thread-unsafe is this code? Can you think of any additional hackery that can be done w.r.t. this try-finally hack?

Answer 1

The finally statement is executed, but the return value isn't affected. The execution order is:

1. Code before return statement is executed
2. Expression in return statement is evaluated
3. finally block is executed
4. Result evaluated in step 2 is returned

Here's a short program to demonstrate:

using System;

class Test
{
    static string x;

    static void Main()
    {
        Console.WriteLine(Method());
        Console.WriteLine(x);
    }

    static string Method()
    {
        try
        {
            x = "try";
            return x;
        }
        finally
        {
            x = "finally";
        }
    }
}

This prints "try" (because that's what's returned) and then "finally" because that's the new value of x.

Of course, if we're returning a reference to a mutable object (e.g. a StringBuilder) then any changes made to the object in the finally block will be visible on return - this hasn't affected the return value itself (which is just a reference).