javascript - How is the default submit button on an HTML form determined?

Question

Welcome To Ask or Share your Answers For Others

javascript - How is the default submit button on an HTML form determined?

asked Oct 17, 2021 in Technique[技术] by 深蓝 (71.8m points)

javascript - How is the default submit button on an HTML form determined?

If a form is submitted but not by any specific button, such as

by pressing Enter
using HTMLFormElement.submit() in JS

how is a browser supposed to determine which of multiple submit buttons, if any, to use as the one pressed?

This is significant on two levels:

calling an onclick event handler attached to a submit button
the data sent back to the web server

My experiments so far have shown that:

when pressing Enter, Firefox, Opera and Safari use the first submit button in the form
when pressing Enter, IE uses either the first submit button or none at all depending on conditions I haven't been able to figure out
all these browsers use none at all for a JS submit

What does the standard say?

If it would help, here's my test code (the PHP is relevant only to my method of testing, not to my question itself)

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
                      "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>Test</title>
</head>

<body>

<h1>Get</h1>
<dl>
<?php foreach ($_GET as $k => $v) echo "<dt>$k</dt><dd>$v</dd>"; ?>
</dl>

<h1>Post</h1>
<dl>
<?php foreach ($_POST as $k => $v) echo "<dt>$k</dt><dd>$v</dd>"; ?>
</dl>

<form name="theForm" method="<?php echo isset($_GET['method']) ? $_GET['method'] : 'get'; ?>" action="<?php echo $_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']; ?>">
    <input type="text" name="method" />
    <input type="submit" name="action" value="Button 1" onclick="alert('Button 1'); return true" />
    <input type="text" name="stuff" />
    <input type="submit" name="action" value="Button 2" onclick="alert('Button 2'); return true" />
    <input type="button" value="submit" onclick="document.theForm.submit();" />
</form>

</body></html>

Question&Answers:os

与恶龙缠斗过久,自身亦成为恶龙；凝视深渊过久,深渊将回以凝视…

1 Answer

深蓝 · Answer 1 · 2021-10-16T22:10:18+0000

If you submit the form via JavaScript (i.e., formElement.submit() or anything equivalent), then none of the submit buttons are considered successful and none of their values are included in the submitted data. (Note that if you submit the form by using submitElement.click() then the submit that you had a reference to is considered active; this doesn't really fall under the remit of your question since here the submit button is unambiguous but I thought I'd include it for people who read the first part and wonder how to make a submit button successful via JavaScript form submission. Of course, the form's onsubmit handlers will still fire this way whereas they wouldn't via form.submit() so that's another kettle of fish...)

If the form is submitted by hitting Enter while in a non-textarea field, then it's actually down to the user agent to decide what it wants here. The specifications don't say anything about submitting a form using the Enter key while in a text entry field (if you tab to a button and activate it using space or whatever, then there's no problem as that specific submit button is unambiguously used). All it says is that a form must be submitted when a submit button is activated. It's not even a requirement that hitting Enter in e.g. a text input will submit the form.

I believe that Internet Explorer chooses the submit button that appears first in the source; I have a feeling that Firefox and Opera choose the button with the lowest tabindex, falling back to the first defined if nothing else is defined. There's also some complications regarding whether the submits have a non-default value attribute IIRC.

The point to take away is that there is no defined standard for what happens here and it's entirely at the whim of the browser - so as far as possible in whatever you're doing, try to avoid relying on any particular behaviour. If you really must know, you can probably find out the behaviour of the various browser versions, but when I investigated this a while back there were some quite convoluted conditions (which of course are subject to change with new browser versions) and I'd advise you to avoid it if possible!

Categories

javascript - How is the default submit button on an HTML form determined?

javascript - How is the default submit button on an HTML form determined?

Please log in or register to add a comment.

Please log in or register to answer this question.

1 Answer

Please log in or register to add a comment.

Just Browsing Browsing

Most popular tags