The process is as follows:
Create dictionary with the userName
, userEmail
, and userPassword
parameters.
NSDictionary *params = @{@"userName" : @"rob",
@"userEmail" : @"[email protected]",
@"userPassword" : @"password"};
Determine the path for the image:
NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"avatar" ofType:@"png"];
Create the request:
NSString *boundary = [self generateBoundaryString];
// configure the request
NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url];
[request setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
// set content type
NSString *contentType = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"multipart/form-data; boundary=%@", boundary];
[request setValue:contentType forHTTPHeaderField: @"Content-Type"];
// create body
NSData *httpBody = [self createBodyWithBoundary:boundary parameters:params paths:@[path] fieldName:fieldName];
This is the method used above to build the body of the request:
- (NSData *)createBodyWithBoundary:(NSString *)boundary
parameters:(NSDictionary *)parameters
paths:(NSArray *)paths
fieldName:(NSString *)fieldName {
NSMutableData *httpBody = [NSMutableData data];
// add params (all params are strings)
[parameters enumerateKeysAndObjectsUsingBlock:^(NSString *parameterKey, NSString *parameterValue, BOOL *stop) {
[httpBody appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"--%@
", boundary] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
[httpBody appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Content-Disposition: form-data; name="%@"
", parameterKey] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
[httpBody appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@
", parameterValue] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
}];
// add image data
for (NSString *path in paths) {
NSString *filename = [path lastPathComponent];
NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:path];
NSString *mimetype = [self mimeTypeForPath:path];
[httpBody appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"--%@
", boundary] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
[httpBody appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Content-Disposition: form-data; name="%@"; filename="%@"
", fieldName, filename] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
[httpBody appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Content-Type: %@
", mimetype] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
[httpBody appendData:data];
[httpBody appendData:[@"
" dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
}
[httpBody appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"--%@--
", boundary] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
return httpBody;
}
The above uses the following utility methods:
@import MobileCoreServices; // only needed in iOS
- (NSString *)mimeTypeForPath:(NSString *)path {
// get a mime type for an extension using MobileCoreServices.framework
CFStringRef extension = (__bridge CFStringRef)[path pathExtension];
CFStringRef UTI = UTTypeCreatePreferredIdentifierForTag(kUTTagClassFilenameExtension, extension, NULL);
assert(UTI != NULL);
NSString *mimetype = CFBridgingRelease(UTTypeCopyPreferredTagWithClass(UTI, kUTTagClassMIMEType));
assert(mimetype != NULL);
CFRelease(UTI);
return mimetype;
}
- (NSString *)generateBoundaryString {
return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Boundary-%@", [[NSUUID UUID] UUIDString]];
}
Then submit the request. There are many, many options here.
For example, if using NSURLSession
, you could create NSURLSessionUploadTask
:
NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sharedSession]; // use sharedSession or create your own
NSURLSessionTask *task = [session uploadTaskWithRequest:request fromData:httpBody completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
if (error) {
NSLog(@"error = %@", error);
return;
}
NSString *result = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSLog(@"result = %@", result);
}];
[task resume];
Or you could create a NSURLSessionDataTask
:
request.HTTPBody = httpBody;
NSURLSessionTask *task = [session dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
if (error) {
NSLog(@"error = %@", error);
return;
}
NSString *result = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSLog(@"result = %@", result);
}];
[task resume];
The above assumes that the server is just returning text response. It's better if the server returned JSON, in which case you'd use NSJSONSerialization
rather than NSString
method initWithData
.
Likewise, I'm using the completion block renditions of NSURLSession
above, but feel free to use the richer delegate-based renditions, too. But that seems beyond the scope of this question, so I'll leave that to you.
But hopefully this illustrates the idea.
I'd be remiss if I didn't point that, much easier than the above, you can use AFNetworking, repeating steps 1 and 2 above, but then just calling:
AFHTTPSessionManager *manager = [AFHTTPSessionManager manager];
manager.responseSerializer = [AFHTTPResponseSerializer serializer]; // only needed if the server is not returning JSON; if web service returns JSON, remove this line
NSURLSessionTask *task = [manager POST:urlString parameters:params constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) {
NSError *error;
if (![formData appendPartWithFileURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:path] name:@"avatar" fileName:[path lastPathComponent] mimeType:@"image/png" error:&error]) {
NSLog(@"error appending part: %@", error);
}
} progress:nil success:^(NSURLSessionTask *task, id responseObject) {
NSLog(@"responseObject = %@", responseObject);
} failure:^(NSURLSessionTask *task, NSError *error) {
NSLog(@"error = %@", error);
}];
if (!task) {
NSLog(@"Creation of task failed.");
}
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