I don't think it can be implemented. The queue trigger function runs as an instance in azure server, we can just trigger it to run. It doesn't response any data like HttpTrigger function. So it can't be executed synchronously in your entire process.
To solve your problem, I think you can just add some code to do an operation at the end of your function. The operation is used to let you know the function execution is completed. Or another solution is move the steps after function into your function code.
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