(See Eric's answer for more detailed explanation)
Notes:
- Generally,
int
is set to the 'natural size' - the integer form that the hardware handles most efficiently
- When using
short
in an array or in arithmetic operations, the short
integer is converted into int
, and so this can introduce a hit on the speed in processing short
integers
- Using
short
can conserve memory if it is narrower than int
, which can be important when using a large array
- Your program will use more memory in a 32-bit
int
system compared to a 16-bit int
system
Conclusion:
- Use
int
unless you conserving memory is critical, or your program uses a lot of memory (e.g. many arrays). In that case, use short
.
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